English translation assisted by automated tools; Asturian terms are preserved.
Before the winepress there is a whole year of work and climate. The pumarada changes with the seasons and each phase conditions the fruit that will reach the press in autumn.
Winter · Prepare
With the tree at rest, pruning, replacement and soil care are carried out. Pruning seeks to balance growth, light and future production. It is also the time to check for damage and plan new plantings.
Spring Bloom
The flowering of many Asturian varieties begins in mid-April and can last until the end of May. Pollination and weather during these weeks influence fruit set. As plantations are usually multivarietal, flowering coincidence is an important agronomic decision.
Summer · Grow and mature
The fruit gains size and transforms its balance of sugars, acids and phenolic compounds. Diseases, tree load and soil condition are monitored. Not all varieties mature at the same time, a diversity that distributes the work and expands the possibilities of mixing.
Autumn Diaper
Harvesting occurs between the end of September and the beginning of December, depending on the variety and weather. Traditionally, ripe fruit is picked from the ground. The paña can bring together family, neighbors and crews, and maintains links with the andecha or community work.
A bottle can mix many varieties because each one contributes a different piece: acidity, sweetness, bitterness, aroma or structure.
Sources and further reading
This guide synthesizes institutional and educational sources. Follow the original links for technical criteria, regulations and updates.
